The Hidden Hazard
Asbestos was used extensively in New Zealand building construction from the 1940s through to the late 1980s, when its use was progressively restricted and eventually banned. Buildings constructed or renovated during that period may contain asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) in a wide range of locations — from roof sheeting and wall linings to vinyl floor tiles, pipe insulation, and textured ceiling coatings.
For any contractor working on buildings constructed before 1990, the possibility of encountering asbestos must be taken seriously. Disturbing ACMs without proper precautions releases fibres that can cause mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer — diseases with long latency periods that can emerge decades after exposure.
The Regulatory Framework
Asbestos management in New Zealand is governed by the Health and Safety at Work (Asbestos) Regulations 2016 and WorkSafe’s associated guidance. Key requirements include: an asbestos management plan for workplaces where asbestos is present; identification of ACMs before any demolition, refurbishment, or maintenance work that might disturb them; and specific licensing requirements for removal work depending on the type and quantity of asbestos.
Class A licensed removalists are required for friable asbestos (asbestos that can be crumbled by hand) and for non-friable asbestos removal exceeding 10m². Class B licensed removalists cover non-friable asbestos removal of 10m² or less. Unlicensed persons cannot carry out licensed removal work.
Before Any Demo Work on Pre-1990 Buildings
Before carrying out demolition, refurbishment, or invasive maintenance work on a building constructed before 1990 (or where the construction date is unknown), a competent person must identify whether ACMs are present. This typically requires a physical inspection and, where necessary, sampling and laboratory analysis. If ACMs are identified, they must be managed or removed in accordance with the regulations before the work proceeds.
The Cost of Getting It Wrong
WorkSafe investigations of asbestos exposure incidents have resulted in significant fines for contractors who failed to identify or manage asbestos correctly. Beyond the regulatory penalties, the potential liability for the health consequences of exposing workers or building occupants to asbestos fibres can be substantial. The cost of proper asbestos identification and management is always less than the cost of an incident.